Parthenogenesis in SF

Reproduction involving development of an unfertilized ovum.

Distinguish from technologies or magics that merge multiple ova, or reproduce from a non-ovum.

Offspring would usually be clones of the mother; genetic variation would come from merging one ovum with other cells. (But this is sf, so use your imagination.)

Sperm, pollen, technological or magical interventions may be needed, but the essence is that only the single cell goes on to develop.

• Suzy McKee Charnas' Motherlines and The Furies. Charnas' women introduced in Motherlines were genetically altered to reproduce parthenogenetically with starter sperm - which they get from intercourse with horses. The sperm contribute no genetic material but the semen is required to start a pregnancy. The offspring are clones of the mothers, called "motherlines."
• Sandi Hall. Wingwomen of Hera (Spinsters / Aunt Lute: 1987) - the women of Hera are a parthenogenetic race ...
• Lapidus, Jacqueline. "Design for the City of Women," Heresies, no. 3 (Fall 1977). [society of lesbians with parthenogenetic reproduction]
• Merwin, Sam. Sex War. (A conspiracy of women try and fail to create parthenogenesis by tricking a male scientist into doing it for them.)
• Mushroom, Merril. Daughters of Khaton. Actually, it's not exactly clear that women are reproducing parthenogenetically, or if a plant is just making babies for them. The plant definitely seems to be doing it, but somehow by taking the genetics of the women ...
• Schulman, L. Neil. Rainbow Cadenza (Parthenogenesis is a reproductive option; one central character is parthenogenetic.)
• Rochelle Singer's The Demeter Flower - fertilization with the aid of the Demeter flower
• Joan Slonczewski's A Door Into Ocean - an all-female aquatic race that reproduces by parthenogenesis.