List of female pirates and thieves in SF

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Thieves

Alyx - Joanna Russ. The Adventures of Alyx
Max Guevara in "Dark Angel"
Spanner, in Nicola Griffith's Slow River
Gwen Raiden in Angel's fourth season
The whole crew of Firefly are thieves, including Zoe Alleyne and Kaylee; see also Saffron (aka Bridget, Yolanda)
Storm (Ororo Munro) as a child in her backstory
Vala Mal Doran - Stargate SG-1
Vash, an archaelogist/thief in Star Trek: The Next Generation
Vin in Mistborn: The Final Empire by Brandon Sanderson

A Business of Ferrets by Beth Hilgartner (street kids led by a female thief)
Character name - Dorothy Allison. "Ounces" in Swords of the Rainbow (The story indicates that more was to come, as did Allison, for that matter, in email some years ago. Where o where is the rest of this intriguing story? About a grimy fantasy world populated with thieves & bloodthirsty evil aristocrats, and lesbians.)
Character name - Lauren Wright Douglas. "To Steal Your Heart Away" in Swords of the Rainbow. (Someone hires a thief, who is a lesbian, who ... )
Character name - Lee Killough. "The Jarabon" (1981; also in Space of Her Own, edited by Shawna McCarthy, 1983)
Character name - Tanith Lee. "Nunc Dimittis" in The Dodd, Mead Gallery of Horror, ed. by Charles L. Grant (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1983).
Character name - Fritz Leiber. "The Two Best Thieves in Lankhmar" in Fantastic, Aug. 1968 (a Fafhrd & the Grey Mouser story)
Character name - Sarah Waters. Fingersmith